Cisco CCNP Training Course – Day 6 – SWITCH

Ok so my Switch exam is booked, so time to get back on top of blogging my bootcamp notes, which is going to be a bit hard now I’ve left it a few weeks.

So, to start, wiping a switches existing config

erase startup config
delete flash:vlan.dat 

VLANs

  • 0 = Reserved
  • 1 = Default VLAN
  • 1002-1005 = Reserved for other media, FDDI, Token Ring….
  • 1006-4095 = External VLAN ID
  • 4096 = Reserved

VTP

  • VLAN Trunking Protocol
  • VTP Server – Can add/remove/modify VLANs
  • VTP Client – Cannot add/remove/modify VLANs
  • VTP Transparent – Local VLAN editing only

To configure, set VTP Domain, VTP version, VTP password

VTP Prunning – Limits VLANs to those in use on edge switches,

Layer 2 VSI – Virtual switch interface – used on L2 switches to provide a management IP address

Switch Port States

  • Access
  • Trunk
  • Dynamic (Desirable – default setting, Auto)

The default setting on a Cisco switch is Desirable as part of the Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP)

  • Desirable – Auto = Trunk is formed
  • Auto – Auto = No trunk is formed, interfaces are effectively Access ports

Switch – Phone – PC = The phone acts as a mini switch, if a Cisco phone is plugged into a Cisco Switch, it is detected using CDP information, and auto configuration is performed as well as auto power configuration.

Router on a Stick – Create sub interfaces for each VLANs, set IP addresses, which can act as default gateway for the VLAN

Spanning Tree Protocol

PVSTP – Per-VLAN Spanning Tree Protocol – 801.2d Compatible

BDPU Packets used to detect loops

Default Root Priority = 32768

When Tie Break of Root Priority, the lowest MAC address is used. Other switches priority changes to Default Priority + MAC Address or Default Priority + MAC Address + VLAN ID

1 Designated Port per link

1 Root Port per non-root-bridge switch

Each port has a cost depennding on port speed

  • 10mb = 100
  • 100mb = 19
  • 1000mb = 4
  • 10000mb = 2

Transition Times

  • Blocking = 20 seconds
  • Listen = 15 seconds
  • Learn = 15 seconds
  • Foward = 15 seconds

Total = 50 seconds to transition a port

Rapid STP

  • Discard
  • Learning
  • Foward

There isnt actually any times for these, however

Transition achieved in 5-6 seconds.

Priority – Goes up in increments of 4096

To Configure, it is enabled globally

#spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst
#spanning-tree vlan 2 root primary or priority No.

STP Versions – IEEE

  • 802.1d – STP
  • 802.1w – RSTP
  • 802.1s – MST/MIST

 

And this rounds off the notes for Day 6.

 

Dean
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